Spear



N. LAMOUREUX 'March 18, 1930.

SPEAR Filed April 4, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l Patented Mar. 18, 1930 f UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE NELSON LAMOUREUX, OF WHITTIER, CALIFORNIA., ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF T MICHAEL W. LUKES, 0F COMPTON, CALIFORNIA SPEAR Application led April 4,

This invention has to do with a well tool and relates more particularly to a fishing tool of the type known generally as a spear. It is a general object of the present invention to provide a tool of the character mentioned that is dependable and etlective in operation and which can be released whenever desired.

Spears are used to fish pipe or casing out of wells. The ordinary spear includes a body 1o with wedge surfaces and slips arrange-d to cooperate with the wedge surfaces so that upward movement of the tool causes the slips to grip the casing within which the tool is arranged. I the casing is stuck and cannot be moved or withdrawn from the well, the situation is further complicated by the fact that the spear grips the casing and cannot be released.

It is a'general object of the present invention to provide a well tool of the character mentioned that will operate to grip a casing yrmly and dependably and which can be released rom the casing whenever desired.

It is another obj ect of the invention to provide a'tool of the character mentioned which can be used to rotate a casing as well as to lift or pull it, if such action becomes necessary.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a well tool of the character mentioned that is of simple, improved construction and suitable for general use. Y

A further object of the present invention is to provide a simplified and improved manner of holding slip members in a tool of theA character mentioned. By the present invention the slips are held effectively and by means of a simple, inexpensive construction.

The various objects and features of my invention will be best and more fully'understood from the following detailed description of a typical form and application of the invention, throughout which description ref.- erence is had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a view showing the tool provided by this invention in position being lowered into a pipe or casinglocated in a well. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detailed sectional view showing the tool in position within a casing with 50 the various parts in the unactuated position 1929. Serial No. 352,341.

which allows the tool to be lowered through the casing. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing the parts in an actuated or set position in which the tool grips the casing. Fig. 4 is a view similar to Figs. 2 and 3 showing the tool operated so that the slips are released allowing the tool to be free to be withdrawn from the casing. Fig. 5 is a detailed transverse sectional view taken as indicated by line 5 5 on Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a detailed sectional view taken as indicate-d by line 6-6 on Fig. 4. Fig. `"i is a detailed transverse sectional view taken as indicated by line 7--7 on Fig. 4. F ig. 8 is a detailed transverse sectional view taken as indicated by line 8--8 on Fig. 4. Fig. 9 is an enlarged detailed view taken as indicated by line 9 9 on Fig. 2, andV Fig. 10 is a view showing the body or mandrel of the tool with the other parts removed.

The tool provided by this invention includes, generally, a central mandrel or body 10, tapered or wedge parts 11 on the body, slips 12 adapted to cooperate with the wedge parts, a carrier or cage 13 for the slips, and means 14 on the cage to engage the casing within which the tool is operated.

The body 10 is an elongate member which carries the various other parts of the tool and which is adapted `to be attached tothe lower end of an operating member such as a string of drill pipe, or the like. The body 10 may be provided at its upper end with a threaded part 15 to facilitate attachment to a string of drill pipe, or the like, and may be provided with a central longitudinal circulation opening 16 to pass circulation iluid. In accordance with the invention, the body is provided at its lower end, or at a point below the other parts of the tool, with an enlarged part or stop 18 adapted to prevent displacement of the working parts of the to'ol from .the body. In the construction illustrated the stop 18 is operated from the other parts of the body and is screw threaded thereto, as clearly illustrated in Figs. 2, 3 and 4 of the drawings. 95

The tapered or wedge parts 11 are located at a reduced portion 19 of the body and are spaced apart around the body so that there are grooves 20 between the wedge parts. The wedge parts 11 are arranged longitudinally 100 G Fig. 9 of the drawings.

, the grooves by movement in one direction around the body, but cannot be moved olf of the wedge parts in. the other direction around the body. The stops are preferably formed integral with the wedge parts and body as shown throughout the drawings.

The Vslips 12 are carried -by the cage 13 so that they are voperable along the wedgeV parts and outwardly into gripping engagement rwith the casing C. There is preferably one slip for each wedge part, and in the preferred arrangement the slips are of such width as to fit into the grooves 2O between the wedge parts 11 when moved olf of the wedge parts, as shown in Figs. 4, 6 and 7 of the drawings. Each slip has its exterior curved to fit the interior of the casing C and is provided with gripping teeth to engage the casing. The teeth are preferably formed so that they are effective in lifting the casing'when the tool is moved upwardly within the casing. 'T he inner side of each slip is stepped to have faces 3l disposed and related to cooperate with the stepped faces 2l of the wedge parts. It will be apparent from inspection of the drawings how the slips are adapted to move downwardly on the wedge parts from the position shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig. 3 and how they grip the casing C when in the position shown in Fig. 3.

The cage 13 provided to carry the slips includes, generally, upper and lower rings 32 and 33 holding projections 34 on the ends of the slips and ribs 35 connecting the rings and located between the slips. The rings surround thereduced portion 19 of the body 10 and are provided with notches 36 which receive the projections 34 on the ends of the slips. The ribs 35 join or connect the two rings 32 and 33 and are located between the slips to hold the slips apart around the body so that their spacing corresponds to that of the wedge parts l1. The; slips are carried by the cage so that they are free to move in and out radially with reference to the body.

In practice I may provide means for nor mally holding the slips in, for instance, I may provide springs 37 between the rings 32 and 33 and slip projections 34, as shown in The means 14 on the cage for engaging the casing C operates to establish friction between the cage and the casing to resist movement of the cagev through the; casing. -In the then lowered into the well. As the tool enters the casing C to be removed from the well, the springs 40 engage the casing causing the cage to be moved to an up position on the body in which position the slips are in an ylower end of a .string of drill pipe, and is 'up position on the wedge parts and are held in by the springs 37. `Wl1en the tool is within the casing C it may be operated to grip the casing by moving the tool upwardly 'after it has been rotated to assure positioning of the slips over the wedge parts. Upward movement of the tool causes the body tomove upwardly relative-to the cage. This causes the slips to be expanded or moved outwardly into gripping engagement with the casing. When the slips engage the casing, further upward movement of the tool will cause the casing to be carried up with the tool. If it is desired 'to release the tool from the casing to withdraw it from the well without the casing, the tool is rotated causing the slips to move off of the wedge parts and to register lwith the grooves 20. IVith the parts in this position, the slips are free of the casing, allowing the tool to befreely withdrawn from the well.

Having described only a typical, preferred form of the invention, I do not wish to limit myself to the specific details'setforth, but wish to reserve to myself any changes or variations that may appear to those skilled in the art or fall within the scope of the following claims. y

Having described my invention, I claim: 1. A well tool of the character described including, a body, a wedge part on the body, a

slip mounted for cooperative movement along the wedge part and for lateral movement to position out of engagement with the wedge part, and means preventing lateral movement of the slip in one direction from the wedge art. p 2. A well tool of the character described including, a body, a wedge part on the body, a slip mounted for cooperative movement along the wedge part and for lateral movement to position out of engagement with the wedge part, 'and a stop at the wedge part preventing lateral movement of the slip in one direction from the wedge part.

3. A well tool of the character described i11- cluding, a body, a wedge part on the body, a slip, and a carrier holding the slip for cooperative. movement along the Wedge part and for lateral movement out of engagement.

with the wedge part', the carrier including rings holding the ends of the slip anda ri lconnecting the rings.

4. A Well tool of the character described including, a body, a wedge part on the body, a slip, and a carrier holding the slip for cooperative movement along the Wedge part and for lateral movement out of engagement -with the Wedge part, the carrier including rings holding the ends of the slip and ribs at thesides of the slip connecting the rings. 5. A Well tool of the character described including, a body, a stepped wedge part on the body, and a slip mounted for cooperative movement along the wedge part and for lateral movement ofi' of the Wedge part.

`'6. A well tool of the character described including,- a body, a Wedge part on the body,

Aso

a slip, a carrier holding the slip for coopera tive movement along `the wedge part and for lateral movement out of engagement with the wedge part, and means on the carrier to resist movement of the carrier through a casing.

7. A well tool of the character described including, a body, a Wedge part on the body, a slip, a carrier holding the slip for cooperative movement along the wedge part and for lateral movement out of engagement with the wedge part, and leaf springs on the carrier to resist movement of the carrier through a casing.

s. A wen tool including, va body, wedge parts spaced around the body, slips, a carrier? holding the slips for cooperative movement along the wedge parts and for lateral movement into the spaces between the wedge parte, and means on the carrier to resist movement through a casing.

9. A well tool including, a body, wedge parts spaced around the body, slips, a carrier holding the slips for coo erative movement along the wedge parts an for lateral movement into the spaces between the Wedge parts, stop means to prevent lateral movement of the slips from the Wedge parts in one direction, and means on the carrier to resist movement through a casing.

In witness that I claim the foregoin I have hereunto subscribed my name this 22u day .of March, 1929. f

NELSON LAMOUREUX. 

